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A letter to interested parties... Dear Engineer, On this disk or residing in this directory is a demo version and instructions with 2 examples from Engineering Software's HYDROFLO. It performs the functions of a hydraulic system calculator and runs on the IBM PC and the related family of PC/MS-DOS microcomputers. We are excited about this software because there are no comparable packages on the market today in terms of its capabilities and price. The design engineer essentially works in a worksheet type environment, analyzing hydraulic elements and observing the bottom line effects. HYDROFLO's extensive flexibility starts with the fact that calculations can be performed in English or metric units and use any type of fluid. All of Engineering Software's packages have this basic capability. The full featured version includes the UTILITY functions where with a single command the entire system's diameter or friction can be changed to a new value and the system's new operating point and pump specification be determined. The engineer can specify that a pump be prescribed for a system to meet a specified flow. Cavitation calculations are made and reports detailing the system's head losses for various flows are provided. This demo is a working version in that your own hydraulic calculations can be performed and verified. It is a good way to evaluate HYDROFLO risk free. Full screen graphics of the system and pump operation are accessible along with the full functions in the REPORT option. The full featured version costs $195 and includes a User's Guide with numerous examples and a hydraulic reference handbook. Tele- phone support is available at no cost to registered users. Thank you for your interest in our products. If you still do your pump and pipeline designs with paper and pencil... you need HYDROFLO! HYDROFLO is hydraulic design software for the IBM PC/XT/AT and compatibles that substantially reduces the time involved in the design of pump and piping systems. HYDROFLO... - Will analyze systems using ANY type of fluid. - Can use differing units of head and flow within the English or metric systems. - Specifies the pump needed for any any design. - Can determine possible cavitation situations. - Provides graphics output of pump and system curves to screen and printer. - Has a full help facility available anywhere in the program. - Uses the Lotus 123 type menu interface. - Has large-scale editing of system element diameters and friction. - Automatically uses fitting and valve friction coefficients from menus. - Uses math co-processor if available. - Provides each user with their own configuration at start-up. All these time savers for only $195 (includes User's Guide with examples and hydraulic reference handbook) In a matter of minutes an engineer can layout and analyze a system and store the work in a compact database. Runs on any PC/MS-DOS compatible microcomputer and comes with a 30 day money back guarantee. Developed and written by engineers in compiled "C" code for speed of execution. A demo disk is available on request. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ORDER FORM Name: ____________________________________ Title: __________________________ Firm: ____________________________________ Phone: __________________________ Address: ____________________________________________________________________ City, St, Zip: ______________________________________________________________ Quantity _____ HYDROFLOs at $195 (US) ______ California residents add 6% ______ Outside US add $10 airmail ______ Total ______ Check enclosed _____ or COD delivery _____ Make checks payable and mail to: ENGINEERING SOFTWARE P. O. Box 1450 Nevada City, California 95959 Phone (916) 288 - 3470 USING THE HYDROFLO DEMO Provided here is enough information for the user to run the demo problems successfully. Much more information is found in the USER'S GUIDE included with the full featured version of HYDROFLO. To start the demo, simply place the demo disk in floppy drive A:, type A:DEMO and the program will load. The first prompt asks for the type of display adapter you have in your system. This is to assure that the correct type of graph is displayed in the REPORT GRAPH option of HYDROFLO. You will then receive an opening screen displaying important information and listing the name and address of a Engineering Software dealer. Press RETURN and the HYDROFLO opening screen will be displayed. The top line of the main HYDROFLO screen displays the HYDROFLO copyright notice on the left and the current system filename on the right (if known). The bottom line of the screen has the computer time and date on the left and the right has an error space reserved for when errors occur during system operation. The various keystrokes available as responses for any HYDROFLO prompt is displayed on the line above the bottom line of the screen. HYDROFLO uses the following Lotus-style menus and keystroke syntax. To select an option from a displayed menu: - Use the space bar or cursor arrows to hi-light the option and press RETURN. - or press the first character of the option name. To exit from a lower menu or operation: - Press the escape key (Esc). (Note: pressing escape repeatedly will eventually bring you back to the main menu but never let you fully exit to DOS. You must press "Y" at QUIT). A help facility is available by pressing the F1 (function) key anywhere during program execution. When entering characters or numbers a toggle between insert mode and overtype mode is available by pressing the insert (Ins) key. DESIGN METHODS A general design methodology for using HYDROFLO follows: 1.) Enter the STATUS option and set the head loss equation, units, fluid parameters, design flow and pressures. 2.) Enter the DEFINE option and enter all element data starting with the inlet. 3.) When all data is entered, use the FILE - SAVE option to save the current data. Perform file saves often so that work is not lost. 4.) Use the ANALYZE option to identify any incomplete or inaccurate data. 5.) Use the REPORT option to obtain a summary of system head losses, detailed reports of all element data and a graph of the system and pump curves. Ascertain NPSHA problems and potential low or very high velocity levels. 6.) Use the DEFINE option to edit individual element data and the UTILITY option to edit all element diameters and friction for observing the end effect of pump specification. 7.) Once a desired system design is obtained and an actual pump curve obtained from a manufacturer that is close in operating point with the theoretical one, the actual curve can be entered by positioning at the pump and pressing F2, selecting a pump "to be defined" instead of "to be prescribed" and entering the points off the curve. The system can then be analyzed and adjusted for the actual operating of the system. DESIGN TIPS... - If a pump is to be prescribed for the system, the design flow is the desired flow for the system. If the pump curve is known (ie, an existing system analysis) the design (analysis) flow should be near the operating point of the system. - When a pump is restricted to being positioned at a certain location and the NPSHA is low, the diameters of the suction side lines can be increased to minimize these intake losses. - When a pump is not restricted to a specific location, the insert element function (F4) and delete element function (F3) can be used to move the pump to various spots in the line to provide adequate NPSHA. - Trade offs existing between system element diameters (pipe and fitting costs) and pump size (pump costs) can be made by using the UTILITY - DIAMETER option and letting HYDROFLO prescribe the pump. The optimal solution would be find the minimum total cost for the system while meeting the design flow and providing an adequate NPSHA (Net Positive Suction Head Available). DEFINE (excerpt from the HYDROFLO User Guide) The DEFINE option on the main menu allows you to ENTER and EDIT new system elements. This section details the type of elements available for defining. ELEMENTS AVAILABLE FOR DEFINING ... - INLETS The first element in a design is an inlet. The user can select the type of inlet from the inlet menu or press F2 and input custom values for description and resistance coefficient K. In both cases, the inlet elevation, diameter and pressure are needed. A non-zero diameter is needed to set up the default system diameter. The pressure value is the absolute atmospheric pressure at the surface of liquid supply level (barometric pressure from an open tank or absolute pressure existing in a closed tank). This value of pressure is needed for the NPSHA calculation. If using HYDROFLO to obtain simple head loss values for other element than inlets, a zero value of K for the inlet will omit inlet losses from REPORT option totals. - PIPES The data entered for pipes include description, diameter, length and friction factor. The optional descriptions for all elements are for the use of the user for identification purposes. The friction factor that appears will be either the default specific roughness or the default H-W coefficient and is available for editing. The user is free to press RETURN and use this value or input another friction value. - VALVES & FITTINGS The fitting menu lists numerous types of valves and fittings. Use the cursor arrow keys to hi-light the desired fitting and press return to select it. The user will then be prompted for the fitting diameter and HYDROFLO will use the appropriate K value for the fitting in its head loss calculations. The user has the option of pressing F2 on the fitting menu and then inputing custom descriptions and K values. NOTE: when custom values are input and when then the UTILITY - DIAMETER option is used, HYDROFLO will not be able to update the fitting's K value accordingly and the user must remember to update the value. - PUMPS The user has the choice of defining a pump curve for analysis or letting HYDROFLO prescribe one for the system. If a curve is defined, the user must describe four equal distant points off the curve as follows. The flow increment sets the distance between the four points and is in units of flow. The four points of head begin first with the shutoff head (The head at which no flow can be pushed through the pump). The remaining three points from the curve are the head values at the flow increment, twice the flow increment and three times the flow increment. Once a pump is defined, the user can position the element pointer at the pump and press F5 to obtain a plot of the pump curve. The pump elevation is needed for the NPSHA calculation and the suction side calculations. The atmospheric pressure, needed for NPSHA, suction and discharge calculations when pressure tanks are used, is input in the STATUS option. - EXITS The last element in a hydraulic system is an exit. The K value for exits is normally 1.0 but the user has the option of inputing any value. The pressure at the exit will default to the pump's atmospheric pressure. If the discharge is to be a substantially different elevation or a closed tank, be sure to update this value to the correct absolute pressure. EDITING (excerpt from the HYDROFLO User Guide) ... EDIT (F2) Use the cursor arrow keys to position the pointer at a defined element and press F2. The original data is displayed and available for editing by inserting or overtyping text or numeric characters. Pressing RETURN or pressing arrow down at a data position retains the original values shown. Pressing escape jumps out of the editing of the current element and moves to the next element. DELETE (F3) When positioned at a defined element, pressing the F3 key prompts the user for deletion of that element. If the user confirms the request the element is removed. Pressing "N" or Esc retains the element. INSERT (F4) Pressing the F4 key prompts the user for inserting an element before the current element. Again the user can confirm the request and select the type of element to insert. Pressing "N" or Esc aborts the operation. PG-UP and PG-DN These keys allow movement by screens within the pages of defined elements. DEMO PROBLEM 1 An engineer is to provide the pump curve and system pipe size needed for the hydraulic system shown opposite. A flow of 250 gpm is desired. The Hazen-Williams equation will be used to compute pipe head losses in this water system. The file DEMO1.FLO on the demo disk contains the data for this problem and can be retrieved using the FILE - RETRIEVE option. The following text describes the step by step procedure for creating this file. First, enter HYDROFLO's STATUS option by pressing "S" at the opening screen or press the space bar once to move to and hi-light the "STATUS" phrase, then press the RETURN (ENTER) key. Once in the STATUS option, press the arrow down key to move past the DATA FILE DIRECTORY field to the HEAD CALCULATION EQUATION field. If "Hazen-Williams" is not displayed, press the arrow right or left key to switch from the displayed "Darcy- Wiesbach" statement and press the arrow down key to move to the UNIT SYSTEM field. It should say "English" and if not, pressing arrow left or right will switch to the desired unit system. FLOW UNITS are selected as the above parameters were, and we use "gpm" not "cfs" . The DESIGN (ANALYSIS) FLOW is a string input field and so type in "250." and press the arrow down (or RETURN) key. If any parameter field is not correct, press the arrow up key until arriving at the desired field, then edit it accordingly. For HEAD UNITS we want "feet of liquid" not "psi" and it is selected as FLOW UNITS was above. Type in "100." and press RETURN for the DEFAULT H-W COEFFICIENT. This system uses water and to set the SPECIFIC GRAVITY at 1.0, just press RETURN. The VAPOR PRESSURE of water at 60 degrees F is ".25" psia so that value is entered and RETURN is pressed. Enter "14.2" for the atmospheric pressure at the pump and press RETURN. The following prompt will now appear... Update current system to new values: NO YES If the values set are correct, press RETURN or " Y " to accept the new values. If they aren't, we could press RETURN anyway to accept the values, and then go back to the STATUS option again to edit desired fields. If we chose not to accept the new values at all, we could press "N" or Esc to abort the process. When the values are correct and are accepted, a prompt to update the default parameter file appears. If we wanted to use the new values each time HYDROFLO was started, we would answer with a "Y", but for these demonstration purposes we instead press RETURN. Discharge elev = 1080.63' Supply elev = 1012.51' PRESSURES: pump elev = 1005.74' press. at pump = 14.2 psia PIPES: Steel sched-40 4"(est) H-W coef = 100 (page 3-8 Cameron) Spec Rough = .00015 (page 3-5 Cameron) FLUID: Water at 60 deg. F. Vap. press. = .25 psia (Page 4-20 Cameron) Kin. vis = .00001216 ft2/sec (pg 4-4 & 4-25 Cameron) DETAILED REPORT - INDIVIDUAL ELEMENTS (System: DEMO1.FLO) @ flow = 250.00 gpm El# Description Fric Dia Vel HL (inches) (ft/s) (feet) 1 Inlet Flush - sharp edged 0.50 4.00 6.38 0.32 Elev = 1012.51 feet Press = 14.20 psia 2 Pipe l= 50.00 100.00 4.00 6.38 3.35 3 Fitt Std. elbow-long radius 90 deg. 0.27 4.00 6.38 0.17 4 Pipe l= 25.00 100.00 4.00 6.38 1.67 5 Fitt Stop check valves 6.80 4.00 6.38 4.31 6 Fitt Plug valve Straightway 0.31 4.00 6.38 0.20 7 Pipe l= 6.00 100.00 4.00 6.38 0.40 8 Pump pump prescribed for system Elev = 1005.74 feet Press = 14.20 psia 9 Pipe l= 6.00 100.00 4.00 6.38 0.40 10 Fitt Butterfly valve 0.77 4.00 6.38 0.49 11 Pipe l= 50.00 100.00 4.00 6.38 3.35 12 Fitt Std. elbow-long radius 90 deg. 0.27 4.00 6.38 0.17 13 Pipe l= 500.00 100.00 4.00 6.38 33.48 14 Fitt Stop check valves 6.80 4.00 6.38 4.31 15 Pipe l=1000.00 100.00 4.00 6.38 66.97 16 Exit 1.00 4.00 6.38 0.63 Elev = 1080.63 feet Press = 14.20 psia Back at the main HYDROFLO menu, we select the DEFINE option to perform data input of the elements shown on the opposite of this side of the page. Starting with the inlet (the element data is listed in output report opposite side of paper). When DEFINE is selected, the Inlet menu appears and the description "Flush - sharp edged" is hi- lighted by pressing arrow down once, then pressing RETURN to select. A smaller sub-window appears that displays the inlet description and resistance value K, and the cursor is positioned at the elevation field. An elevation of "1012.51" is input and the user presses RETURN. Our initial estimate of system diameter is 4" and that value is entered thus setting up the default diameter for the rest of the system. The pressure at the inlet is the next input and since this is an open surface intake, press RETURN to use the default atmospheric pressure (set up for the pump in the STATUS option). The element menu is automatically displayed after the inlet data input and the position pointer is set to element #2. Element #2 is a pipe so RETURN is pressed and an optional description can be entered. The next field displays the default diameter set up for the inlet and RETURN can be pressed to accept the value. A length of "50." feet is entered for the pipe and the RETURN key is pressed. The default Hazen-Williams coef- ficient appears and the RETURN key is again pressed to accept the value. The element menu is displayed and the pointer is positioned at element #3. This element is a fitting and the word "Fitt" is hi-lighted by press- ing the arrow down key and the RETURN key is pressed to select it and the fitting and valve menu appears. Again using the cursor arrow keys, the statement "Std. elbow long radius 90 deg" is hi-lighted and the RETURN key is pressed. The default diameter is displayed and RETURN is pressed to accept the default value. HYDROFLO automatically uses the correct resistance coefficient K, for inlets, exits, valves and fittings selected from it's internal menus. The data for elements #4 through #7 are input in the same manner as the previous elements. When pump position #8 is reached, the phrase " pump " is hi-lighted on the element menu and the RETURN key is pressed. The pump window appears and offers the choice of "define a pump for analysis" or "let HYDROFLO prescribe a pump" for the system. In this problem, a pump is to be prescribed so press the arrow down key and then press RETURN. The pump elevation field is displayed and the value "1005.74" is entered an RETURN is pressed. The data for elements #9 through #15 is entered (according to data listed on opposite side, detailed report) up to exit element #16. At exit element #16, the phrase " exit " is hi-lighted on the element menu and the RETURN key is pressed. A window is displayed with the exit's data and the cursor is positioned at the description field. The description is optional. The next input field is the resistance coefficient, K. For most exits a value of 1.0 is used but the value may be edited. In the elevation field a value of "1080.63" is entered the RETURN key is pressed. We press RETURN again to accept the default diameter value and again to accept the default pressure since this is an open surface exit. The "defined" mode is entered where by pressing the arrow left or right (or page-up, page-dn) key can position the pointer at an element and display it's data. We can edit an individual element's data by positioning the pointer at the element and pressing F2, insert an element by pressing F4 or delete an element by pressing F3. With the full featured version we could now select FILE , then SAVE and specify a filename for our data to reside in. At the main menu run the ANALYZE option to determine if any potential problems exist in the system. From the main menu, the REPORT option can be used to preview results of the analysis. The operating point is determined to be at 250 gpm and 188 feet head with a NPSHA (Net Positive Suction Head Available) of 28.5 feet and a general system velocity of 6.38 ft/sec. Other system diameters can be tested with the full featured of HYDROFLO using the UTILITY - DIAMETER option but 4" appears to be the best. With the demo disk, the DEFINE option is used to edit individual element diameters using the F2 key. The graph obtained with the REPORT - GRAPH option (CAPACITY vs. HEAD graph, following) and the NPSHA value (end of SUMMARY OF PUMPING SYSTEM DATA) would be taken to a pump manufacturer to find an appropriate pump. Once a close operating pump is found, it's curve is input to the system by positioning the DEFINE pointer to the pump position and pressing F2, selecting "define a pump" (the top line option) then inputing it's data according to the previously discussed DEFINE - PUMPS section and the actual operating point will be found. SUMMARY OF PUMPING SYSTEM DATA (System: DEMO1.FLO) CONFIGURATION: Hazen-Williams Eq. Flow = 250.00 gpm FLUID PROPERTIES: Specific Gravity = 1.000 Vapor Pressure = 0.25 psia STATIC HEADS: Suction Elev Head = 6.77 feet Discharge Elev Head = 74.89 feet Exit - inlet press. = 0.00 feet Total Static Head = 68.12 feet NPSHA CALCULATION: Supply pressure = 14.20 psia (abs) Vapor pressure = 0.25 psia (abs) Suction static head = 6.77 feet Suction dynamic hd = 10.41 feet @ design flow NPSHA = 28.58 feet HEAD LOSSES (in feet) FLOW (gpm) SUCTION SIDE 125 250 375 MINOR LOSSES: Valves & fittings 1.25 4.99 11.23 MAJOR LOSSES: Pipe HL using Hazen-Williams Eq 1.50 5.42 11.48 STATIC SUCTION HEAD: Inlet - pump elev + pressures 6.77 6.77 6.77 TOTAL SUCTION HEAD: Head (+), lift (-) 4.02 -3.64 -15.94 DISCHARGE SIDE MINOR LOSSES: Valves & fittings 1.40 5.60 12.59 MAJOR LOSSES: Pipe HL using Hazen-Williams 28.90 104.20 220.61 STATIC DISCHARGE HEAD: Exit - pump elev + pressures 74.89 74.89 74.89 TOTAL DISCHARGE HEAD: Static head plus friction losses 105.19 184.69 308.10 TOTAL SYSTEM LOSSES TOTAL SUCTION HEAD: Static head + friction losses 4.02 -3.64 -15.94 TOTAL DISCHARGE HEAD: Static head + friction losses 105.19 184.69 308.10 TOTAL SYSTEM HEAD: Suction and discharge heads 101.18 188.33 324.04 Pump Prescription: Design operating point: FLOW = 250.00 gpm HEAD = 188.33 feet NPSHA = 28.58 feet DEMO PROBLEM 2 A pump is to be specified for the oil conveyance system displayed opposite. A flow of .4 m3/sec is to be delivered by the 30 cm. diameter system. The Darcy-Wiesbach equation will be used to calculate pipe head losses and the valves will be modeled as pipes using the equivalent length method. The file DEMO2.FLO on the demo disk contains the data for this problem and can be retrieved using the FILE - RETRIEVE option. Using HYDROFLO's STATUS option, we set the Darcy-Wiesbach equation for use in calculating pipe head losses. The DESIGN (ANALYSIS) FLOW will be set at .4 m3/sec. Within the metric unit system we setup flow units of m3/sec and head units of meters of liquid. We will also set a default specific roughness of .03 mm for the steel pipe. Specific gravity and kinematic viscosity are set to the values listed opposite. Using the DEFINE option, we give the inlet a K value of 0.0 because all fittings (except the pump) are being modeled as equivalent lengths of pipe. On the inlet data input, press arrow up when at the elevation field and enter "0.0" for the friction K value. All the other data for the inlet is needed so that static head and NPSHA calculations are performed correctly. Using the chart on page 3-121 in Cameron (included with full featured version) we line up the diameter 11.8 inches (30 cm.) and the point for an ordinary entrance and we get 17 feet of pipe length which works out to 5.18 meters. Pipe element #2 has a length of 30 meters so we have added this length to it. The same process is used for the exit and its equivalent length is add to pipe #24 and a K value of 0.0 is given to the exit. The rest of the data is entered (pipes entered normally and valves as pipes) along with the pump which we request to be prescribed. The ANALYZE option will tell us that the inlet and exit have zero for coefficients. This is as intended. The losses for the inlet and exit are included in the adjacent pipes length. The prescribed pump's and system's curve along with the system summary of head losses is shown on the back of this page. Tank B elev = 178.15 m Tank A elev = 132.63 m Pump elev = 125.79 m PIPING SYSTEM: Steel sched-40 30 cm. Specific Rough = .03 mm PRESSURES: Atm press @ pump = 99.285 Kpa Tank A = 121.39 Kpa (closed) Tank B = 103.54 Kpa (closed) FLUID: SG = .86 Crude oil at 120 deg. F. Kinematic Vis = 4.1 centistokes = 4.1e-6 m2/sec Vap. press. = .5 KPa DETAILED REPORT - INDIVIDUAL ELEMENTS (System: DEMO2.FLO) @ flow = 0.40 m3/sec El# Description Fric Dia Vel HL (cm.) (mtr/s) (meters) 1 Inlet Inward projecting 0.00 30.00 5.66 0.00 Elev = 132.63 meters Press = 121.39 Kpa 2 Pipe l= 35.18 3.00e-002 30.00 5.66 2.83 3 Pipe Fitt -elbow-45 deg l= 4.27 3.00e-002 30.00 5.66 0.34 4 Pipe l= 30.00 3.00e-002 30.00 5.66 2.41 5 Pipe Fitt -Tee-thruflo l= 5.79 3.00e-002 30.00 5.66 0.47 6 Pipe l= 15.00 3.00e-002 30.00 5.66 1.21 7 Pipe Fitt -Tee-thruflo l= 5.79 3.00e-002 30.00 5.66 0.47 8 Pipe l= 47.00 3.00e-002 30.00 5.66 3.78 9 Pipe Fitt -Sw chk val l= 22.86 3.00e-002 30.00 5.66 1.84 10 Pipe Fitt -Plug Val Str l= 4.27 3.00e-002 30.00 5.66 0.34 11 Pipe l= 4.00 3.00e-002 30.00 5.66 0.32 12 Pump pump prescribed for system Elev = 125.79 meters Press = 99.29 Kpa 13 Pipe l= 4.00 3.00e-002 30.00 5.66 0.32 14 Pipe Fitt -Plug val str l= 4.27 3.00e-002 30.00 5.66 0.34 15 Pipe l= 150.00 3.00e-002 30.00 5.66 12.07 16 Pipe Fitt -elbow lr 90 l= 7.62 3.00e-002 30.00 5.66 0.61 17 Pipe l= 85.18 3.00e-002 30.00 5.66 6.85 18 Exit 0.00 30.00 5.66 0.00 Elev = 178.15 meters Press = 103.54 Kpa SUMMARY OF PUMPING SYSTEM DATA (System: DEMO2.FLO) CONFIGURATION: Darcy-Wiesbach Eq. Flow = 0.40 m3/sec FLUID PROPERTIES: Specific Gravity = 0.860 Vapor Pressure = 0.50 Kpa Kinematic Viscosity = 4.1e-006 m2/sec STATIC HEADS: Suction Elev Head = 6.84 meters Discharge Elev Head = 52.36 meters Exit - inlet press. = -2.12 meters Total Static Head = 43.40 meters NPSHA CALCULATION: Supply pressure = 121.39 Kpa (abs) Vapor pressure = 0.50 Kpa (abs) Suction static head = 6.84 meters Suction dynamic hd = 14.01 meters @ design flow NPSHA = 7.16 meters HEAD LOSSES (in meters) FLOW (m3/sec) SUCTION SIDE 0.20 0.40 0.60 MINOR LOSSES: Valves & fittings 0.00 0.00 0.00 MAJOR LOSSES: Pipe HL using Darcy-Wiesbach Eq 3.87 14.01 30.05 STATIC SUCTION HEAD: Inlet - pump elev + pressures 9.46 9.46 9.46 TOTAL SUCTION HEAD: Head (+), lift (-) 5.59 -4.55 -20.59 DISCHARGE SIDE MINOR LOSSES: Valves & fittings 0.00 0.00 0.00 MAJOR LOSSES: Pipe HL using Darcy-Wiesbach 5.58 20.20 43.32 STATIC DISCHARGE HEAD: Exit - pump elev + pressures 52.86 52.86 52.86 TOTAL DISCHARGE HEAD: Static head plus friction losses 58.44 73.07 96.19 TOTAL SYSTEM LOSSES TOTAL SUCTION HEAD: Static head + friction losses 5.59 -4.55 -20.59 TOTAL DISCHARGE HEAD: Static head + friction losses 58.44 73.07 96.19 TOTAL SYSTEM HEAD: Suction and discharge heads 52.85 77.62 116.78 Pump Prescription: Design operating point: FLOW = 0.40 m3/sec HEAD = 77.62 meters NPSHA = 7.16 meters